This enzyme is part of the family of inflammatory-caspases, which also includes caspase-1 (EC?3.4.22.36) and caspase-5 (EC?3.4.22.58) in humans and caspase-11 (EC?3.4.22.64), caspase-12, caspase-13 and caspase-14 in mice. Contains a caspase-recruitment domain (CARD) in its N-terminal prodomain, which plays a role in procaspase activation [3,5,6]. The enzyme is able to cleave itself and the p30 caspase-1 precursor, but, unlike caspase-1, it is very inefficient at generating mature interleukin-1¦Â (IL-1¦Â) from pro-IL-1¦Â [1,4]. Both this enzyme and caspase-5 can cleave pro-caspase-3 to release the small subunit (p12) but not the large subunit (p17) [3]. The caspase-1 inhibitor Ac-Tyr-Val-Ala-Asp-CHO can also inhibit this enzyme, but more slowly [4]. Belongs in peptidase family?C14.
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Strict requirement for Asp at the P1 position. It has a preferred cleavage sequence of Tyr-Val-Ala-Asp-|- but also cleaves at Asp-Glu-Val- Asp-|-.
