The enzyme, which is found in all eukaryotes and in the majority of Euryarchaeota (but not in the Crenarchaeota), is involved in the hypermodification of the guanine nucleoside at position 37 of tRNA leading to formation of assorted wye bases. This modification is essential for translational reading-frame maintenance. The eukaryotic enzyme is involved in biosynthesis of the tricyclic base wybutosine, which is found only in tRNAPhe.
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S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) = S-methyl- 5′-thioadenosine + 7-((3S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)-4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe).
